The space robot created by Orbot Robotics is equipped with four arms, and its Goro-like structure serves a specific function.

      This four-armed robot could simplify routine tasks for astronauts on the space station.

      Helios is a novel four-armed robot developed by Zurich-based Orbit Robotics, and its design initially evokes thoughts of Goro from Mortal Kombat. However, unlike the combat-ready prince from Outworld, Helios is built to assist astronauts with the repetitive and time-intensive tasks necessary for sustaining life in space.

      According to Orbit Robotics, legs are not particularly useful in microgravity. Instead of walking or standing, Helios is designed to navigate the cramped interiors of the space station, maintain stability, and manipulate cargo, tools, or equipment. Its four arms serve as both mobility aids and functional appendages.

      The rationale behind a four-armed design in orbit

      While its design may appear unconventional, as most humanoid robots like the Unitree G1 and Tesla Optimus are still tailored for Earth-based movements, Helios adopts a more practical design for space applications.

      Its arms do not rely on bulky motors at every joint; instead, they utilize a tendon-driven system, with motors positioned closer to the shoulders, allowing force to be transmitted through cables and spools. This approach keeps the arms lighter while still providing the necessary range of motion for tasks on the station.

      Helios features a rolling-contact elbow joint, enabling smoother and more controlled movements. In space, sudden or uneven motions can destabilize the robot, making this seemingly simple design feature crucial. Additionally, the four-arm configuration allows the robot to stabilize itself with two arms while using the other pair for handling cargo, tools, or equipment.

      Engineered to reduce the workload of astronauts

      Tasks such as unloading cargo, sorting supplies, tracking inventory, moving equipment, and performing basic maintenance consume a significant amount of astronauts’ time. Maintenance activities alone reportedly account for around 35% of crew time, and a single cargo unloading cycle can extend up to nearly 50 hours.

      With an estimated cost of about $140,000 per astronaut hour, routine operations in space can be costly. A robot like Helios has the potential to lessen the amount of time spent on logistics and maintenance tasks.